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Question 1
Which organization publishes the recommended standard for Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care Facilities?
OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration ASLMS American Society for Laser Medicine Surgery NCLE National Council for Laser Excellence ANSI American National Standards Institute
Question 2
Who determines licensing or authorization to perform laser hair removal by non-physicians?
Each facility sets their own internal certification requirements The American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery Each State’s Medical Board The Laser Training Institute
Question 3
Visible light occurs in which general wavelength range?
400-800 angstroms 400-700 nanometers (nm) 4-10 microns (u) 1064-2100 nanometers (nm)
Question 4
The Alexandrite laser produces light at:
532 nm 1064 nm 755 nm 694 nm
Question 5
The Nd: YAG laser produces light at:
Question 6
The pulsed dye laser produces light at:
532 nm 1064 nm 585-595 nm 694 nm
Question 7
Energy output in Joules measures:
How much energy is delivered The power of the laser The concentration of energy within a given spot size How quickly the treatment can be given
Question 8
Fluence measures:
How much energy is delivered per area The rate of energy delivery, but not the amount The amount of energy How quickly the treatment can be given
Question 9
Peak Power of the laser beam indicates:
The total wattage of the laser The fluence delivered in one centimeter The highest power level in a pulse How quickly the treatment can be given
Question 10
The term fluence, as commonly used in laser aesthetic procedures, is expressed in:
Watts Joules Watts/cm² Joules/cm²
Question 11
How does laser energy affect the target chromophore for hair removal, veins or pigmented lesions?
It constricts the target It changes the chemical structure of the target It heats the target chromophore to severely damage or destroy it It vaporizes the target
Question 12
According to the FDA, what is permanent hair reduction?
No hair growth in the treated area forever A long term stable reduction in the number of hairs re-growing after a treatment regime An 85% reduction in hair re-growth with each treatment A 50% reduction in hair re-growth with each treatment
Question 13
What are terminal hairs?
The coarser hairs such as scalp, armpits and eyebrows The hairs which have been laser treated and will die The finer peach-fuzz type hairs all over the body The outer portion of any hair shaft
Question 14
What are velus hairs?
Question 15
When treating pigmented lesions with the laser, what is the expected end result?
Always an immediate disappearance of the lesion Bruising of the tissue surrounding the lesion Darkening of the lesion, fine scabbing A and B B and C
Question 16
Non ablative skin rejuvenation:
Always requires an anesthetic Can only be performed with an IPL Has a long healing time Does not create an open wound
Question 17
From what anatomical structure does hair growth arise?
Arector pili muscle Terminal hair shaft Hair follicle Sebaceous glands
Question 18
What is the outermost layer of our skin called?
Dermis Epidermis Basement membrane Subcutaneous tissues
Question 19
What best describes the term chromophore, in terms of laser use?
Glands in the skin that produce hair color Any object that absorbs the light An instrument used to prepare skin prior to laser use A monochromatic laser
Question 20
What chromophore in the skin primarily competes with the hair follicle in absorbing light?
Sebaceous glands Melanin Oxy-hemoglobin in capillaries Dermis
Question 21
What can happen with excess heating of the skin?
Scarring Hypopigmentation Hyperpigmentation All of the above None of the above
Question 22
What are the adverse consequences of excess heating in the skin?
All hair will be permanently removed No adverse consequences Third degree burn, resulting scarring and possible keloid scars Redness and inflammation which disappears in about an hour
Question 23
What chromophore in the skin primarily gives it its color?
Melanin Blood vessels Dermis Epidermis
Question 24
The Fitzpatrick skin classification system takes into account:
Skin color only Hair color only Skin color and sensitivity to sunlight Only sensitivity to sunlight
Question 25
What Fitzpatrick Skin type has the darkest colored skin?
I II IV VI
Question 26
Which Fitzpatrick skin type would be the most difficult to treat for laser hair removal because of competing chromophores?
I III IV VI
Question 27
The laser handpiece should be
Cleaned and inspected daily Wiped down with detergent after each case Inspected and cleaned with recommended manufacturer cleaning protocol after each treatment Only wiped off after each patient since it is not a sterile procedure
Question 28
Which hair color is the most difficult, if not impossible, to remove by laser?
Gray/white Blonde Red Black
Question 29
What is the Anagen phase of the hair growth cycle?
The growth phase The regression/atrophy phase Dormant or resting stage-where hairs fall out None of these
Question 30
Epidermal pigmented lesions contain a higher than normal concentration of melanin in the cells and are primarily located in the dermal epidermal junction of the skin (superficial).
True False
Question 31
Setting patient expectations includes a discussion of
Number of possible treatments Frequency of treatments Area to be treated All of these B and C
Question 32
Laser hair removal is most effective in which stage of the hair growth cycle?
Anagen Telogen Catagen Any phase
Question 33
Windows in the treatment room
Cover with reflective coverings Should be left open for ventilation Must be closed but not covered Should be covered with an opaque non flammable material
Question 34
Are all of our hairs in any one body area in the same phase simultaneously?
Yes No
Question 35
What is the primary reason that multiply treatment sessions are required for successful laser hair removal?
Injury to the hair follicle is progressive and takes several treatments Not all hair follicles are in the growth phase at the same time Some hair shafts are just more resistant It generates more revenue for the hair removal center
Question 36
Potential contraindications to laser hair removal (reasons not to treat) include:
Black hair Light sensitivity to treatment wavelength Very dark tan B and C A and C
Question 37
The informed consent form for laser procedures
Should be signed after the treatment Should explain all possible side effects Is optional Is only necessary for patients under 21
Question 38
Makeup, lotions, perfumes and antiperspirants do not need to be removed before laser treatments.
Question 39
The wavelength of a laser is
Measured in millimeters Can be visible or invisible to the human eye Affects it’s chromophore absorption Does not affect depth of penetration B and C
Question 40
What type of non-laser light source is also used for hair removal?
Laser Diodes Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Intense Pulsed Light System (IPL) Arc Lamps
Question 41
Q-Switched lasers which produce very short pulses in the picosecond range can be effectively used for removal of pigmented lesions and skin rejuvenation.
Question 42
What is the wavelength of a typical diode laser for hair removal?
755 nm 800-810 nm 2.1 u 10.6 u
Question 43
Which laser(s) would probably be best suited to treating hair removal on very dark skin?
Ruby or Argon laser Nd: YAG laser Er: YAG laser CO2 laser
Question 44
All other things being equal (including fluence), which spot sizes seem to penetrate tissue deeper?
Larger spot sizes Smaller spot sizes
Question 45
What hair/skin combination is best suited for laser hair removal?
Dark skin/Light hair Light skin/ Blonde hair Dark skin/ Dark hair Light skin/ Dark hair
Question 46
Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT) refers to the:
Time it takes to make tissues soft by warming Time it takes to dissipate heat from any structure to 50% of its temperature after treatment Interval between laser pulses Time it takes to build up destructive temperatures
Question 47
Ideally we’d like to apply a dose of light to destroy the selected target in a pulse time that is:
Longer than the Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT) for skin, but shorter than that of the target Shorter than the TRT for skin, but longer than the target Longer than the TRT for both skin and the target Shorter than the TRT for both skin and the target
Question 48
The Thermal Relaxation Time of hair is in the 40-100 millisecond (msec) range, contrasted with that of the epidermis which is in the range of?
100-1000 msec 40-100 msec 1-10 msec 10-100 msec
Question 49
Which skin cooling method is least effective when used as the only source of cooling for laser procedures?
Contact cooling Cooling gels Cryogen spray Cold air
Question 50
Cooling methods provide what benefit?
Reduce the risk of burns Reduce patient pain and discomfort Reduce incidence of post treatment swelling and inflammation All of the above
Question 51
Sapphire Crystal “windows” are an example of?
Contact cooling Cooling gels Cryogen Spray Cold air
Question 52
Intense Pulsed Light
Is filtered light from a flashlamp providing multiple wavelengths Is a low powered laser Is the same thing as an LED Is far saver to use than a laser None of these
Question 53
Provided that clinically effective fluence is achieved, which is more sparing to skin during laser hair removal?
Shorter pulse widths Longer pulse widths
Question 54
Clinical end points (desirable) in laser hair removal include?
Redness around the hair shaft (perifollicular edema) Blistering Hair from follicle is ejected or vaporized A and C
Question 55
Potential Contraindications to laser treatment in general (reasons not to treat) include:
Suspicious lesions Pregnancy Sun sensitivity to treatment wavelength All of these None of these
Question 56
Laser safety eyewear must be worn
Only by the patient Only by the operator Everyone in the laser treatment room None of these
Question 57
Laser safety eyewear should:
Match that for the wavelength(s) of laser(s) used Have color coded frames to meet ANSI requirements Have colored plastic filters that are the same color as the wavelength of the laser A and B
Question 58
Laser beams are collimated, so they can be reflected by shiny objects and can ricochet around the room as a tight beam of light?
Question 59
Laser safety eyewear is not designed for looking directly at a laser beam.
Question 60
Keys to the laser must be stored in a secure location away from the laser when not actually in use?
True False Lasers don’t have keys - irrelevant
Question 61
Signs that a lesion on the skin should not be treated with a laser include:
Asymmetry Irregular borders Varying colors Diameter larger than size of a pencil All of these
Question 62
Laser/IPL skin rejuvenation is a procedure that may result in
Removal or minimization of skin sun damage Improvement in skin tone and texture Reduction of the appearance of wrinkles All of these None of these
Question 63
Telangiectasias are vascular lesions representing a blemish and are often a symptom of multiple pathologies.
Question 64
The best wavelengths for treating vascular lesions include:
532, 595 and 1064 nm CO2, 810 and 1064 nm Erbium, 595 and holmium YAG nm 755, CO2 and 595 nm
Question 65
When treating pigmented lesions the target chromophore is
Oxy-hemoglobin Hemosiderin Melanin Water
Question 66
Wavelengths that effectively treat pigmented lesions are
1064 and 1440 nm 1320 nm and CO2 595 nm and Alexandrite All of these
Question 67
Three unique characteristics of laser light are
Monochromatic, coherent, collimated Polychromatic, incoherence and collimated Monochromatic, fluence and coherence Power, fluence and coherence
Question 68
Which organization regulates the manufacturer of lasers?
ASHA FDA ANSI ASLMS
Question 69
Deeper veins usually require bigger spot sizes to deliver adequate fluence to the target and short pulse widths.
Question 70
Most medical lasers are classified as:
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Question 71
Lasers are non-ionizing.
Question 72
Nd: YAG and Alexandrite lasers are examples of lasers which can cause permanent damage to the eye causing retinal damage.
Question 73
Since lasers present a fire danger, it is important to
Have a fire extinguisher in the room Have water available Use non-flammable material in the immediate treatment area None of these All of these
Question 74
Proper patient documentation includes
Having the patient understand and sign a consent form Reviewing all the contraindications and possible adverse effects Taking photographs throughout the treatment All of these None of these
Question 75
Pigmented lesions
Include age or liver spots, freckles and solar lentigines Contain no melanocytes Require a longer pulse width for treatment All of these
Question 76
What does LASER stand for?
Latest Attempt to Secure Extra Revenue Light Amplified by Secondary Electron Radiation Light Admission by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
Question 77
Facial telangiectasia are best treated by laser with
Small spot size, long pulse width Large spot size, long pulse width Small spot size, short pulse width Large spot size, short pulse width
Question 78
Repitition rate
Is measured in hertz (Hz) Refers to the number of laser pulses per second Is determined by the skill of user, type of procedure and location of treatment All of these None of these
Question 79
Light energy from a laser
Is given off as excited electrons Is given off as excited neutrons Is spontaneous emission of protons All of these None of these
Question 80
When laser light interacts with tissue, it can be
Reflected Scattered Transmitted Absorbed All of these
A. This program was presented in a way that facilitated learning.
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B. This program was practical and included useful information.
C. This program was up-to-date in terms of current practice.
D. My personal objectives for responding to the program were met.
Do you intend to make any changes in your practice as a result of this program?
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